Passage.
Letters from Our Readers · 변형 지문
Type III 대폭 변형Variation Blueprint
원본 대비 변형 포인트 (교사용)
- 어법 오류 3곳 (9번): ⓐ so that → can (시제 오류) / ⓒ which → that / ⓔ every time → while (접속사 오류)
- 신규 인물 추가: Hiroshi (일본, okayu) + 구체 수치 "15 minutes" (11번 숫자 함정)
- 반의어 치환: disappeared ↔ returned / right out ↔ long after / warmed ↔ cooled (11번)
- 레시피 순서 재배치 문제 (14번)
- 핵심 은유: not only stomach but also heart 재해석 (13번)
Letters from Our Readers: My Comfort Food
Comfort food is food that makes you feel good when you are sad, angry, or stressed out. It can also make you think of happy moments from the past. It ___(A)___ not only the stomach but also the heart. Comfort foods differ around the world. Let's see what comfort foods our international readers enjoy.
Jessica from USA
My comfort food is chicken soup. In the USA, people eat this soup when they have a cold. When I was a small child, I caught a very bad cold. My father made me a bowl of chicken soup ⓐso that I can get well. The hot soup warmed my body, and I slowly started to feel better. It was also very tasty. Now, ___(B)___ I catch a cold, I eat chicken soup.
Maria from Brazil
In Brazil, there are many dishes ⓑthat are made with cassava, a vegetable similar to a potato. I love cassava chips the most. Once when I had a bad day at school and felt stressed out, my best friend bought me a bag of cassava chips. When I started to eat the chips, my stress suddenly ___(C)___. The crisp sound of eating chips made me feel better. Now every time I'm stressed out, I eat cassava chips. Then I feel good again!
Hiroshi from Japan
In Japan, when someone feels sick, families often prepare okayu, a warm rice porridge. I remember ⓒwhich my mother made okayu for me when I had a fever last winter. She cooked it slowly for about 15 minutes, adding a little salt. After eating it, I felt warmed from inside and my body recovered faster than before. Even now, the smell of okayu reminds me of my mother's care.
Simon from France
I have many comfort foods, but I love madeleines the most. A madeleine is a small cake ⓓthat looks like a sea shell. People in France enjoy madeleines as an afternoon snack. My grandmother always makes madeleines for me when I visit her. They taste best when they come right out of the oven. Then the kitchen is filled with a sweet smell. I especially like eating her orange madeleines with a cup of tea. ⓔWhile I see or smell madeleines, I think of my grandmother.
Let me share my grandmother's special recipe with you so that you can make orange madeleines, too. Maybe madeleines will become a comfort food for you!
Recipe. Ingredients: 1 cup of flour, 2 eggs, 2/3 cup of sugar, 1/8 teaspoon of salt, 1/4 cup of butter, some orange peel.
Step 1. Melt the butter and let it cool.
Step 2. Put the eggs, sugar, and salt in a bowl and beat.
Step 3. Add the flour to the bowl and mix.
Step 4. Add the butter and orange peel to the mixture and mix.
Step 5. Pour the mixture into the madeleine pan.
Step 6. Bake in the oven for 10 to 15 minutes.
Part A.
글 전체 이해
Q1~Q3윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
- ①cooking tips for beginners to make healthy meals
- ②different comfort foods loved by readers around the world
- ③traditional recipes of French and Italian desserts
- ④why chicken soup is the best food for curing colds
- ⑤the history of food culture in Brazil and Japan
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ②
풀이. 도입부 "Comfort foods differ around the world" + "Let's see what comfort foods our international readers enjoy"가 주제 직접 제시. 본문은 4명(미국·브라질·일본·프랑스)의 서로 다른 comfort food 소개.
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
- ①Food That Warms Both the Body and the Heart
- ②The Secret to Making French Cakes at Home
- ③Why Sick People Should Avoid Comfort Food
- ④Healthy Snack Recipes for Stressed Students
- ⑤The Most Popular Chicken Soup Recipe in America
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ① Food That Warms Both the Body and the Heart
풀이. "not only the stomach but also the heart" + 4 사례 모두 신체(warmed body)와 정서(happy moments) 이중 효과 — body + heart 제목.
윗글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
- ①Eating international foods helps improve your language skills.
- ②People should learn to cook different foods from various cultures.
- ③Comfort foods help people feel better physically and emotionally.
- ④Asian comfort foods are healthier than Western ones.
- ⑤Parents should teach their children to enjoy traditional foods.
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ③
풀이. "makes you feel good" + "think of happy moments" + "stomach and heart" — 신체적·정서적 위안의 효과가 요지.
Part B.
빈칸 · 연결사 · 요약
Q4~Q6빈칸 (A)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
It ___(A)___ not only the stomach but also the heart.
- ①satisfies
- ②damages
- ③hides
- ④ignores
- ⑤empties
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ① satisfies
풀이. "위뿐만 아니라 마음도 충족시킨다" — comfort food의 긍정적 효과를 설명하는 주제문. It(단수) + 3인칭 단수 satisfies.
빈칸 (B)와 (C)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
(B) Now, ___ I catch a cold, I eat chicken soup.
(C) When I started to eat the chips, my stress suddenly ___.
(C) When I started to eat the chips, my stress suddenly ___.
| (B) | (C) | |
|---|---|---|
| ① | every time | disappeared |
| ② | while | returned |
| ③ | before | grew |
| ④ | every time | increased |
| ⑤ | unless | disappeared |
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ① every time / disappeared
(B) "감기에 걸릴 때마다" = every time / whenever.
(C) "스트레스가 갑자기 사라졌다" = disappeared. 뒤 "I feel good again" 긍정 맥락.
(C) "스트레스가 갑자기 사라졌다" = disappeared. 뒤 "I feel good again" 긍정 맥락.
윗글을 요약할 때, 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Summary
Readers from different ___(A)___ share their comfort foods, which help them feel better and ___(B)___ happy memories from the past.
| (A) | (B) | |
|---|---|---|
| ① | cities | forget |
| ② | countries | recall |
| ③ | schools | create |
| ④ | families | destroy |
| ⑤ | ages | ignore |
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ② countries / recall
(A) 4명이 각각 USA/Brazil/Japan/France 출신 → countries. (B) "think of happy moments" = recall.
Part C.
어휘 · 어법 · 영영풀이
Q7~Q10글의 흐름상 적절하지 않은 단어는?
Once when I had a ①bad day at school and felt stressed out, my best friend bought me cassava chips. When I started to eat the chips, my stress suddenly ②disappeared. The ③crisp sound of eating chips made me feel ④worse. Now every time I'm stressed out, I eat cassava chips. Then I feel ⑤good again!
- ①bad
- ②disappeared
- ③crisp
- ④worse
- ⑤good
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ④ worse → better
앞 "stress disappeared" + 뒤 "feel good again" 긍정 문맥인데 worse(더 나빠짐)는 모순. 반의어 치환 함정.
문맥상 가장 적절한 단어끼리 짝지은 것은?
A madeleine is a small cake that (A)[looks/tastes] like a sea shell. They taste best when they come (B)[right out/long after] of the oven. Then the kitchen is (C)[filled/emptied] with a sweet smell.
| (A) | (B) | (C) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ① | looks | right out | filled |
| ② | tastes | long after | emptied |
| ③ | looks | long after | filled |
| ④ | tastes | right out | emptied |
| ⑤ | looks | right out | emptied |
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ① looks / right out / filled
(A) 모양 묘사 → look like (조개껍데기처럼 생기다).
(B) 오븐에서 "막 나올 때" = right out of the oven (관용구). long after는 정반대.
(C) be filled with = ~로 가득 차다 (수동태 관용구).
(B) 오븐에서 "막 나올 때" = right out of the oven (관용구). long after는 정반대.
(C) be filled with = ~로 가득 차다 (수동태 관용구).
밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 어법상 틀린 것의 개수는?
ⓐ~ⓔ 복기
ⓐ My father made me a bowl of chicken soup so that I can get well.
ⓑ In Brazil, there are many dishes that are made with cassava.
ⓒ I remember which my mother made okayu for me when I had a fever.
ⓓ A madeleine is a small cake that looks like a sea shell.
ⓔ While I see or smell madeleines, I think of my grandmother.
- ①1개
- ②2개
- ③3개
- ④4개
- ⑤5개
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ③ 3개 (ⓐ, ⓒ, ⓔ)
- ⓐ🚨 주절 과거 made + so that절 현재 can → 시제 일치 could. "so that I could get well".
- ⓑ주격 관계대명사 that + 복수 are ☑️
- ⓒ🚨 remember 뒤 완전한 절 → 접속사 that. which는 선행사 필요.
- ⓓ주격 관계대명사 that + 단수 looks ☑️
- ⓔ🚨 "~할 때마다" 의미 → every time / whenever. while은 "~하는 동안" 시간 지속.
🔑 3대 포인트. so that + 시제 일치 / 접속사 that vs 관계대명사 which / every time vs while.
단어 영영풀이로 옳지 않은 것은?
- ①comfort: a feeling of being relaxed
- ②satisfy: to make someone feel pleased
- ③disappear: to become visible and easier to notice
- ④crisp: firm and making a sharp sound when broken
- ⑤stressed out: feeling very anxious and unable to relax
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ③ disappear
disappear = 사라지다. 선지는 appear의 정의. 반의어 치환 함정.
Part D.
세부 내용 · 함축 · 순서
Q11~Q15<보기> ⓐ~ⓕ 중, 윗글의 내용과 일치하는 것의 개수는?
< 보기 >
ⓐ Jessica's father made her chicken soup when she had a bad cold as a child.
ⓑ When Maria started to eat the cassava chips, her stress gradually returned.
ⓒ Hiroshi's mother cooked okayu for him for about 30 minutes when he had a fever.
ⓓ Simon says that madeleines taste best when they come long after they are baked.
ⓔ In France, people enjoy madeleines as an afternoon snack.
ⓕ Simon's grandmother makes orange madeleines for him when he visits her.
- ①1개
- ②2개
- ③3개
- ④4개
- ⑤5개
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ③ 3개 (ⓐ, ⓔ, ⓕ)
- ⓐ"My father made me a bowl of chicken soup" ☑️
- ⓑ🚨 disappeared ↔ returned + suddenly ↔ gradually 이중 반의어.
- ⓒ🚨 15 minutes ↔ 30 minutes 숫자 반전.
- ⓓ🚨 right out ↔ long after 관용구 반전.
- ⓔ"People in France enjoy madeleines as an afternoon snack" ☑️
- ⓕ"My grandmother always makes madeleines for me when I visit her" + "I especially like eating her orange madeleines" ☑️
⚠️ 5점 함정 3종. 반의어 치환 / 숫자 반전 / 시점 관용구 반전.
윗글에서 언급되지 않은 것은?
- ①the kind of vegetable that is used to make cassava chips
- ②the exact amount of salt Hiroshi's mother used to cook okayu
- ③the occasion when American people typically eat chicken soup
- ④the shape of madeleines
- ⑤when madeleines taste best after coming out of the oven
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ② Hiroshi의 오카유 소금 정확한 양
풀이. Hiroshi 단락은 "a little salt"로만 언급, 구체 수치 없음. 마들렌 레시피의 "1/8 teaspoon"과 혼동 의도.
밑줄 친 "not only the stomach but also the heart"가 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
- ①Comfort food is rich in vitamins and protein for organs.
- ②Comfort food fills both hunger and emotional needs.
- ③Comfort food should include both vegetables and desserts.
- ④Comfort food must be served warm to taste best.
- ⑤Comfort food is the main cause of health problems.
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ② Comfort food fills both hunger and emotional needs.
풀이. stomach(위)은 배고픔을, heart(마음)는 감정을 은유. "not only A but also B"로 두 층위를 모두 충족한다는 뜻. 모든 사례(Jessica의 warmed my body + Maria의 feel good + Simon의 think of grandmother)가 이 이중 효과를 증명.
(A)~(F)를 마들렌 조리 순서대로 배열한 것은?
< 단계 >
(A) Add the butter and orange peel to the mixture and mix.
(B) Put the eggs, sugar, and salt in a bowl and beat.
(C) Bake in the oven for 10 to 15 minutes.
(D) Melt the butter and let it cool.
(E) Pour the mixture into the madeleine pan.
(F) Add the flour to the bowl and mix.
- ①(D)–(B)–(F)–(A)–(E)–(C)
- ②(B)–(D)–(F)–(A)–(E)–(C)
- ③(D)–(F)–(B)–(E)–(A)–(C)
- ④(B)–(F)–(D)–(A)–(C)–(E)
- ⑤(D)–(B)–(A)–(F)–(E)–(C)
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ① (D)–(B)–(F)–(A)–(E)–(C)
순서.
- 1(D) 버터 녹이고 식히기 — 선행 준비
- 2(B) 달걀·설탕·소금 그릇에 넣고 젓기
- 3(F) 밀가루 추가·섞기 — 반죽 완성
- 4(A) 버터·오렌지 껍질 추가 — the mixture(이미 있는 반죽)
- 5(E) 팬에 붓기
- 6(C) 오븐 10~15분 굽기 — 최종
🔑 "the mixture"는 이미 언급된 반죽을 가리키므로 (A)는 (B)(F) 뒤. 굽기(C)는 반드시 마지막.
우리말에 맞도록 <보기>의 단어를 배열할 때 ★에 들어갈 단어는?
아버지는 내가 나을 수 있도록 치킨 수프 한 그릇을 만들어 주셨다.
< 보기 >
( a, bowl, chicken, could, father, get, I, made, me, my, of, so, soup, that, well )
→ ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ★ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮.
- ①made
- ②bowl
- ③so
- ④that
- ⑤could
정답 & 해설 펼치기
ANSWER
정답: ④ that
완성. My father made me a bowl of chicken soup so ★that I could get well.
- 1-2My / father (주어)
- 3made (4형식 동사)
- 4me (간접 목적어)
- 5-8a / bowl / of / chicken (직접 목적어구)
- 9soup (직접 목적어 명사)
- 10so (목적 접속사 시작)
- ★that (so that 접속사) ← 정답
- 12I (so that절 주어)
- 13could (조동사 과거)
- 14get (동사원형)
- 15well (부사)
🔑 3대 구조. make A B (4형식) + so that + S + could + V (목적) + get well (회복하다 관용구).